About NEET
The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET-UG), previously known as the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT), is a national-level medical entrance examination for students aspiring to pursue undergraduate programs such as MBBS, BDS, AYUSH (BAMS, BUMS, BHMS), and nursing in recognized medical institutions across India and abroad.
NEET is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) on behalf of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India. The examination results are shared with the Directorate General of Health Services and the respective State Counselling Authorities for seat allocation.
The Acadmiac Advantage
Acadmiac’s NEET Preparation Program is a structured initiative designed to prepare aspiring medical students for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET). The program focuses on complete syllabus coverage, strong conceptual clarity, consistent practice, and exam-oriented preparation to help students approach NEET with confidence and positivity.
- Dedicated guidance from experienced faculty.
- Balanced academic schedule with clarity and consistency.
- Emphasis on discipline, routine, and exam readiness.
- Academic and personal support to manage preparation stress.
This program is designed to support students at every stage of their preparation, combining academic rigor with guidance, discipline, and strategic exam readiness. The right balance is achieved through other programs and initiatives, with a strong intent to support aspirants’ mental and physical health as they prepare for their bright future.
NEET 2026: Important Highlights
| Exam Name | National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET 2026) |
| Conducting Body | National Testing Agency (NTA) |
| NEET 2026 Exam Date | May, 2026 (To be announced) |
| NEET 2026 Registration Date | February, 2026 (To be announced) |
| Announcement of Exam City Intimation | March, 2026 (To be announced) |
| NEET 2026 Admit Card Release Date | April, 2026 (To be announced) |
| Declaration of NEET 2026 Result | June, 2026 (Tentative) |
| Official Site | NEET 2026 | NTA |
NEET 2026 Eligibility Criteria
| Educational Qualification | Candidate must have passed or be appearing in the 10+2 or equivalent examination from a recognized board with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology as main subjects. |
| Minimum Marks Required | 50% aggregate for General category candidates and 40% for OBC/SC/ST/PwD categories in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology. |
| Minimum Age Requirement | Candidate must have completed 17 years of age at the time of admission or will complete 17 years on or before 31st December of the admission year. |
| Date of Birth Criteria | Candidate should be born on or before 31 December 2009 (for NEET 2026 admission cycle). |
| Upper Age Limit | No upper age limit for appearing in NEET (UG). |
| Number of Attempts | No restriction on the number of attempts. Candidates may appear multiple times, provided they meet the eligibility criteria. |
NEET 2026 Exam Pattern
- NEET is a pen-and-paper-based exam (offline)
- It consists of 180 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with a single correct answer.
- The subjects covered are Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (Botany and Zoology).
- The latest NEET 2026 exam pattern consists of 180 compulsory questions (45 in Physics and Chemistry, and 90 in Biology).
- The total duration of the exam is 3 hours (180 minutes). NEET Total Marks 2026 is 720.
- Each correct answer is awarded 4 marks, and one mark is deducted for each incorrect answer (negative marking).
The NEET syllabus 2026 is based on the NCERT curriculum for classes 11 and 12, covering Physics, Chemistry, Botany & Zoology. It covers a wide range of topics in these subjects, including concepts, theories, and practical applications, as outlined in the standard XI & XII syllabus.
Physics
UNIT 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT
- Units of measurement
- System of Units
- SI Units
- Fundamental units
- Derived units
- Least count
- Significant figures
- Errors in measurements
- Dimensions of physical quantities
- Dimensional analysis
- Applications of dimensional analysis
UNIT 2: KINEMATICS
- Frame of reference
- Motion in a straight line
- Position–time graph
- Speed and velocity
- Uniform motion
- Non-uniform motion
- Average speed
- Instantaneous velocity
- Uniformly accelerated motion
- Velocity–time graph
- Position–time relations for uniformly accelerated motion
- Scalars and vectors
- Vector addition
- Vector subtraction
- Scalar (dot) product
- Vector (cross) product
- Unit vector
- Resolution of a vector
- Relative velocity
- Motion in a plane
- Projectile motion
- Uniform circular motion
UNIT 3: LAWS OF MOTION
- Force and inertia
- Newton’s First Law of Motion
- Momentum
- Newton’s Second Law of Motion
- Impulse
- Newton’s Third Law of Motion
- Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications
- Equilibrium of concurrent forces
- Static friction
- Kinetic friction
- Laws of friction
- Rolling friction
- Dynamics of uniform circular motion
- Centripetal force and its applications
- Motion of a vehicle on a level circular road
- Motion of a vehicle on a banked road
UNIT 4: WORK, ENERGY, AND POWER
- Work done by a constant force
- Work done by a variable force
- Kinetic energy
- Potential energy
- Work–energy theorem
- Power
- Potential energy of a spring
- Conservation of mechanical energy
- Conservative forces
- Non-conservative forces
- Motion in a vertical circle
- Elastic collisions (one dimension)
- Elastic collisions (two dimensions)
- Inelastic collisions (one dimension)
- Inelastic collisions (two dimensions)
UNIT 5: ROTATIONAL MOTION
- Centre of mass of a two-particle system
- Centre of mass of a rigid body
- Basic concepts of rotational motion
- Moment of a force
- Torque
- Angular momentum
- Conservation of angular momentum and its applications
- Moment of inertia
- Radius of gyration
- Values of moment of inertia for simple geometrical objects
- Parallel axis theorem and its applications
- Perpendicular axis theorem and its applications
- Equilibrium of rigid bodies
- Rigid body rotation
- Equations of rotational motion
- Comparison of linear and rotational motion
UNIT 6: GRAVITATION
- Universal law of gravitation
- Acceleration due to gravity (g)
- Variation of g with altitude
- Variation of g with depth
- Kepler’s laws of planetary motion
- Gravitational potential energy
- Gravitational potential
- Escape velocity
- Motion of a satellite
- Orbital velocity
- Time period of a satellite
- Energy of a satellite
UNIT 7: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS
- Elastic behavior
- Stress–strain relationship
- Hooke’s Law
- Young’s modulus
- Bulk modulus
- Modulus of rigidity
- Pressure due to a fluid column
- Pascal’s law and its applications
- Effect of gravity on fluid pressure
- Viscosity
- Stokes’ law
- Terminal velocity
- Streamline flow
- Turbulent flow
- Critical velocity
- Bernoulli’s principle and its applications
- Surface energy
- Surface tension
- Angle of contact
- Excess pressure across a curved surface
- Applications of surface tension (drops, bubbles, capillary rise)
- Heat
- Temperature
- Thermal expansion
- Specific heat capacity
- Calorimetry
- Change of state
- Latent heat
- Heat transfer
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
UNIT 8: THERMODYNAMICS
- Thermal equilibrium
- Zeroth law of thermodynamics
- Concept of temperature
- Heat
- Work
- Internal energy
- First law of thermodynamics
- Isothermal process
- Adiabatic process
- Second law of thermodynamics
- Reversible processes
- Irreversible processes
UNIT 9: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
- Equation of state of a perfect gas
- Work done in compressing a gas
- Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions
- Concept of pressure (kinetic theory)
- Kinetic interpretation of temperature
- RMS speed of gas molecules
- Degrees of freedom
- Law of equipartition of energy
- Applications to specific heat capacities of gases
- Mean free path
- Avogadro’s number
UNIT 10: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES
Oscillations
- Oscillations and periodic motion
- Time period
- Frequency
- Displacement as a function of time
- Periodic functions
- Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
- Equation of SHM
- Phase
- Oscillations of a spring
- Restoring force
- Force constant
- Energy in SHM
- Kinetic energy in SHM
- Potential energy in SHM
- Simple pendulum
- Derivation of the time period of a simple pendulum
Waves
- Wave motion
- Longitudinal waves
- Transverse waves
- Speed of travelling wave
- Displacement relation for a progressive wave
- Principle of superposition of waves
- Reflection of waves
- Standing waves in strings
- Standing waves in organ pipes
- Fundamental mode
- Harmonics
- Beats
UNIT 11: ELECTROSTATICS
Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric charges
- Conservation of charge
- Coulomb’s law
- Forces between two point charges
- Forces between multiple charges
- Superposition principle
- Continuous charge distribution
- Electric field
- Electric field due to a point charge
- Electric field lines
- Electric dipole
- Electric field due to a dipole
- Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field
- Electric flux
- Gauss’s law
- Applications of Gauss’s law:
- Field due to an infinitely long, uniformly charged straight wire
- Field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet
- Field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell
Electric Potential and Capacitance
- Electric potential
- Potential due to a point charge
- Potential due to an electric dipole
- Potential due to a system of charges
- Potential difference
- Equipotential surfaces
- Electrical potential energy of two point charges
- Electrical potential energy of an electric dipole in an electrostatic field
- Conductors and insulators
- Dielectrics
- Electric polarization
- Capacitors
- Capacitance
- A combination of capacitors in series
- A combination of capacitors in parallel
- Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor (without dielectric)
- Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor (with dielectric)
- Energy stored in a capacitor
UNIT 12: CURRENT ELECTRICITY
- Electric current
- Drift velocity
- Mobility
- Relation between drift velocity, mobility, and electric current
- Ohm’s law
- Electrical resistance
- V–I characteristics of Ohmic conductors
- V–I characteristics of non-ohmic conductors
- Electrical energy
- Electrical power
- Electrical resistivity
- Electrical conductivity
- Series combination of resistors
- Parallel combination of resistors
- Temperature dependence of resistance
- Internal resistance of a cell
- Potential difference
- EMF of a cell
- A combination of cells in series
- A combination of cells in parallel
- Kirchhoff’s laws
- Applications of Kirchhoff’s laws
- Wheatstone bridge
- Metre bridge
UNIT 13: MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM
Magnetic Effects of Current
- Biot–Savart law
- Application of Biot–Savart law to a current-carrying circular loop
- Ampere’s law
- Application of Ampere’s law to an infinitely long straight wire
- Application of Ampere’s law to a solenoid
- Force on a moving charge in a uniform magnetic field
- Force on a moving charge in a uniform electric field
- Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
- Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors
- Definition of ampere
- Torque on a current loop in a uniform magnetic field
- Moving coil galvanometer
- Sensitivity of the galvanometer
- Conversion of a galvanometer into an ammeter
- Conversion of a galvanometer into a voltmeter
Magnetism
- Current loop as a magnetic dipole
- Magnetic dipole moment
- Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid
- Magnetic field lines
- Magnetic field due to a bar magnet along its axis
- Magnetic field due to a bar magnet perpendicular to its axis
- Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field
- Paramagnetic substances (with examples)
- Diamagnetic substances (with examples)
- Ferromagnetic substances (with examples)
- Effect of temperature on magnetic properties
UNIT 14: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS
- Electromagnetic induction
- Faraday’s law
- Induced EMF
- Induced current
- Lenz’s law
- Eddy currents
- Self-inductance
- Mutual inductance
- Alternating current (AC)
- Peak value of AC
- RMS value of AC
- Peak value of alternating voltage
- RMS value of alternating voltage
- Reactance
- Impedance
- LCR series circuit
- Resonance in the LCR circuit
- Power in AC circuits
- Wattless current
- AC generator
- Transformer
UNIT 15: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
- Displacement current
- Electromagnetic waves
- Characteristics of electromagnetic waves
- Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves
- Electromagnetic spectrum
- Radio waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared rays
- Visible light
- Ultraviolet rays
- X-rays
- Gamma rays
- Applications of electromagnetic waves
UNIT 16: OPTICS
Ray Optics
- Reflection of light
- Spherical mirrors
- Mirror formula
- Refraction of light at plane surfaces
- Refraction of light at spherical surfaces
- Thin lens formula
- Lens maker’s formula
- Total internal reflection
- Applications of total internal reflection
- Magnification
- Power of a lens
- A combination of thin lenses in contact
- Refraction of light through a prism
- Microscope
- Astronomical telescope (reflecting)
- Astronomical telescope (refracting)
- Magnifying power of the microscope
- Magnifying power of the telescope
Wave Optics
- Wavefront
- Huygens’ principle
- Laws of reflection using Huygens’ principle
- Laws of refraction using Huygens’ principle
- Interference
- Young’s double-slit experiment
- Expression for fringe width
- Coherent sources
- Sustained interference of light
- Diffraction due to a single slit
- Width of central maximum
- Polarization
- Plane-polarized light
- Brewster’s law
- Uses of plane-polarized light
- Polaroid
UNIT 17: DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION
- Dual nature of radiation
- Photoelectric effect
- Hertz’s observations
- Lenard’s observations
- Einstein’s photoelectric equation
- Particle nature of light
- Matter waves
- Wave nature of particles
- de Broglie relation
UNIT 18: ATOMS AND NUCLEI
- Alpha-particle scattering experiment
- Rutherford’s model of the atom
- Bohr model of the atom
- Energy levels
- Hydrogen spectrum
- Composition of the nucleus
- Size of nucleus
- Atomic masses
- Mass–energy relation
- Mass defect
- Binding energy per nucleon
- Variation of binding energy with mass number
- Nuclear fission
- Nuclear fusion
UNIT 19: ELECTRONIC DEVICES
- Semiconductors
- Semiconductor diode
- I–V characteristics of diode (forward bias)
- I–V characteristics of diode (reverse bias)
- Diode as a rectifier
- I–V characteristics of LED
- Photodiode
- Solar cell
- Zener diode
- Zener diode as a voltage regulator
- Logic gates:
- OR gate
- AND gate
- NOT gate
- NAND gate
- NOR gate
UNIT 20: EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS
- Use of Vernier calipers (internal diameter, external diameter, depth of vessel)
- Use of screw gauge (thickness/diameter of thin sheet/wire)
- Simple pendulum (dissipation of energy by graph of amplitude² vs time)
- Metre scale (mass of object using the principle of moments)
- Young’s modulus of elasticity of metallic wire
- Surface tension of water by capillary rise and the effect of detergents
- Coefficient of viscosity by measuring the terminal velocity of a spherical body
- Speed of sound in air using a resonance tube
- Specific heat capacity of a solid (method of mixtures)
- Specific heat capacity of liquid (method of mixtures)
- Resistivity of the material of a wire using a metre bridge
- Resistance of a wire using Ohm’s law
- Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer (half deflection method)
- Focal length of convex mirror (parallax method)
- Focal length of concave mirror (parallax method)
- Focal length of convex lens (parallax method)
- Plot of angle of deviation vs angle of incidence (triangular prism)
- Refractive index of glass slab (travelling microscope)
- Characteristic curves of p–n junction diode (forward and reverse bias)
- Characteristic curves of a Zener diode
- Determination of reverse breakdown voltage of Zener diode
- Identification of diode, LED, resistor, and capacitor from a mixed collection
Chemistry
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
UNIT 1: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY
- Matter and its nature
- Dalton’s atomic theory
- Concept of an atom
- Concept of molecule
- Concept of an element
- Concept of compound
- Laws of chemical combination
- Atomic mass
- Molecular mass
- Mole concept
- Molar mass
- Percentage composition
- Empirical formula
- Molecular formula
- Chemical equations
- Stoichiometry
UNIT 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE
- Nature of electromagnetic radiation
- Photoelectric effect
- Spectrum of the hydrogen atom
- The Bohr model of the hydrogen atom
- Postulates of Bohr’s model
- Derivation of the energy of an electron in different orbits
- Derivation of radii of different orbits
- Limitations of Bohr’s model
- Dual nature of matter
- de Broglie relationship
- Heisenberg uncertainty principle
- Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics
- Quantum mechanical model of an atom
- Important features of the quantum mechanical model
- Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions
- Variation of Ψ and Ψ² with r for 1s orbital
- Variation of Ψ and Ψ² with r for 2s orbital
- Principal quantum number
- Angular momentum quantum number
- Magnetic quantum number
- Significance of quantum numbers
- Shapes of s orbitals
- Shapes of p orbitals
- Shapes of d orbitals
- Electron spin
- Spin quantum number
- Aufbau principle
- Pauli’s exclusion principle
- Hund’s rule
- Electronic configuration of elements
- Extra stability of half-filled orbitals
- Extra stability of completely filled orbitals
UNIT 3: CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
Basic Concepts
- Kossel–Lewis approach to chemical bond formation
- Concept of ionic bond
- Concept of covalent bond
Ionic Bonding
- Formation of ionic bonds
- Factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds
- Calculation of lattice enthalpy
Covalent Bonding
- Concept of electronegativity
- Fajan’s rule
- Dipole moment
- VSEPR theory
- Shapes of simple molecules
Valence Bond Theory
- Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding
- Important features of valence bond theory
- Concept of hybridization (s, p, d orbitals)
- Resonance
Molecular Orbital Theory
- Important features of molecular orbital theory
- LCAO (Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals)
- Bonding molecular orbitals
- Antibonding molecular orbitals
- Sigma (σ) bonds
- Pi (π) bonds
- Molecular orbital electronic configuration of homonuclear diatomic molecules
- Bond order
- Bond length
- Bond energy
Additional Concepts
- An elementary idea of metallic bonding
- Hydrogen bonding
- Applications of hydrogen bonding
UNIT 4: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Basic Concepts
- System and surroundings
- Extensive properties
- Intensive properties
- State functions
- Types of processes
First Law of Thermodynamics
- Concept of work
- Heat
- Internal energy
- Enthalpy
- Heat capacity
- Molar heat capacity
- Hess’s law of constant heat summation
- Enthalpy of bond dissociation
- Enthalpy of combustion
- Enthalpy of formation
- Enthalpy of atomization
- Enthalpy of sublimation
- Enthalpy of phase transition
- Enthalpy of hydration
- Enthalpy of ionization
- Enthalpy of solution
Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Spontaneity of processes
- ΔS of the universe as criteria for spontaneity
- ΔG of the system as criteria for spontaneity
- Standard Gibbs energy change (ΔG°)
- Relationship between ΔG° and equilibrium constant
UNIT 5: SOLUTIONS
Concentration Terms
- Molality
- Molarity
- Mole fraction
- Percentage by mass
- Percentage by volume
Vapour Pressure and Raoult’s Law
- Vapour pressure of solutions
- Raoult’s Law
- Ideal solutions
- Non-ideal solutions
- Vapour pressure–composition plots for ideal solutions
- Vapour pressure–composition plots for non-ideal solutions
Colligative Properties
- Relative lowering of vapour pressure
- Depression of freezing point
- Elevation of boiling point
- Osmotic pressure
- Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties
- Abnormal molar mass
- van’t Hoff factor
- Significance of van’t Hoff factor
UNIT 6: EQUILIBRIUM
Basic Concepts
- Meaning of equilibrium
- Dynamic equilibrium
Equilibria Involving Physical Processes
- Solid–liquid equilibrium
- Liquid–gas equilibrium
- Solid–gas equilibrium
- Henry’s law
- General characteristics of physical equilibrium
Chemical Equilibrium
- Law of chemical equilibrium
- Equilibrium constant (Kc)
- Equilibrium constant (Kp)
- Significance of Kc and Kp
- Significance of ΔG in chemical equilibrium
- Significance of ΔG° in chemical equilibrium
- Factors affecting equilibrium concentration
- Effect of pressure on equilibrium
- Effect of temperature on equilibrium
- Effect of the catalyst on the equilibrium
- Le Chatelier’s principle
Ionic Equilibrium
- Weak electrolytes
- Strong electrolytes
- Ionization of electrolytes
- Arrhenius concept of acids and bases
- Bronsted–Lowry concept of acids and bases
- Lewis concept of acids and bases
- Acid–base equilibria
- Multistage ionization
- Ionization constants
- Ionization of water
- pH scale
- Common ion effect
- Hydrolysis of salts
- pH of salt solutions
- Solubility of sparingly soluble salts
- Solubility product (Ksp)
- Buffer solutions
UNIT 7: REDOX REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Redox Reactions
- Electronic concept of oxidation
- Electronic concept of reduction
- Redox reactions
- Oxidation number
- Rules for assigning oxidation number
- Balancing of redox reactions
Electrochemistry
- Electrolytic conduction
- Metallic conduction
- Conductance in electrolytic solutions
- Molar conductivity
- Variation of molar conductivity with concentration
- Kohlrausch’s law
- Applications of Kohlrausch’s law
Electrochemical Cells
- Electrolytic cells
- Galvanic cells
- Types of electrodes
- Electrode potential
- Standard electrode potential
- Half-cell reactions
- Cell reactions
- EMF of a galvanic cell
- Measurement of EMF
- Nernst equation
- Applications of Nernst equation
- Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs energy change
- Dry cell
- Lead accumulator
- Fuel cells
UNIT 8: CHEMICAL KINETICS
- Rate of a chemical reaction
- Factors affecting the rate of reaction:
- Concentration
- Temperature
- Pressure
- Catalyst
- Elementary reactions
- Complex reactions
- Order of reaction
- Molecularity of reaction
- Rate law
- Rate constant
- Units of rate constant
- Differential form of zero-order reaction
- Integral form of zero-order reaction
- Characteristics of a zero-order reaction
- Half-life of a zero-order reaction
- Differential form of a first-order reaction
- Integral form of a first-order reaction
- Characteristics of a first-order reaction
- Half-life of fia rst-order reaction
- Effect of temperature on reaction rate
- Arrhenius theory
- Activation energy
- Calculation of activation energy
- Collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation)]
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UNIT 9: CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES
- Modern periodic law
- Present form of the periodic table
- s-block elements
- p-block elements
- d-block elements
- f-block elements
- Periodic trends in properties of elements:
- Atomic radii
- Ionic radii
- Ionization enthalpy
- Electron gain enthalpy
- Valence
- Oxidation states
- Chemical reactivity
UNIT 10: P-BLOCK ELEMENTS (Group 13 to Group 18)
General Introduction
- Electronic configuration of Group 13–18 elements
- General trends in physical properties across periods
- General trends in chemical properties across periods
- Trends in properties down the groups
- Unique behaviour of the first element in each group
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UNIT 13: PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Purification Methods
- Crystallization
- Sublimation
- Distillation
- Differential extraction
- Chromatography
- Principles of purification techniques
- Applications of purification techniques
Qualitative Analysis
- Detection of nitrogen
- Detection of sulphur
- Detection of phosphorus
- Detection of halogens
Quantitative Analysis (Basic Principles Only)
- Estimation of carbon
- Estimation of hydrogen
- Estimation of nitrogen
- Estimation of halogens
- Estimation of sulphur
- Estimation of phosphorus
Formula Calculations
- Calculation of empirical formula
- Calculation of molecular formula
- Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis
UNIT 14: SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Basic Concept
- Tetravalency of carbon
- Shapes of simple molecules
- Hybridization (s and p orbitals)
Classification and Isomerism
- Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups
- Organic compounds containing halogens
- Organic compounds containing oxygen
- Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- Organic compounds containing sulphur
- Homologous series
- Structural isomerism
- Stereoisomerism
Nomenclature
- Trivial nomenclature
- IUPAC nomenclature
Reaction Mechanism Basics
- Covalent bond fission
- Homolytic cleavage
- Heterolytic cleavage
- Free radicals
- Carbocations
- Carbanions
- Stability of carbocations
- Stability of free radicals
- Electrophiles
- Nucleophiles
Electronic Effects
- Inductive effect
- Electromeric effect
- Resonance
- Hyperconjugation
Types of Organic Reactions
- Substitution reactions
- Addition reactions
- Elimination reactions
- Rearrangement reactions
UNIT 15: HYDROCARBONS
General Concepts
- Classification of hydrocarbons
- Isomerism in hydrocarbons
- IUPAC nomenclature of hydrocarbons
- General methods of preparation
- Properties of hydrocarbons
- Reactions of hydrocarbons
Alkanes
- Conformations of ethane
- Sawhorse projection (ethane)
- Newman projection (ethane)
- Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes
Alkenes
- Geometrical isomerism
- Mechanism of electrophilic addition
- Addition of hydrogen
- Addition of halogens
- Addition of water
- Addition of hydrogen halides
- Markovnikov’s rule
- Peroxide effect
- Ozonolysis
- Polymerization
Alkynes
- Acidic character of alkynes
- Addition of hydrogen
- Addition of halogens
- Addition of water
- Addition of hydrogen halides
- Polymerization
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Nomenclature
- Structure of benzene
- Aromaticity
- Mechanism of electrophilic substitution
- Halogenation of benzene
- Nitration of benzene
- Friedel–Crafts alkylation
- Friedel–Crafts acylation
- Directive influence of functional groups in monosubstituted benzene
UNIT 16: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGENS
- General methods of preparation
- Properties
- Reactions
- Nature of C–X bond
- Mechanisms of substitution reactions
- Uses of haloalkanes and haloarenes
- Environmental effects of:
- Chloroform
- Iodoform
- Freons
- DDT
UNIT 17: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING OXYGEN
General Concepts
- General methods of preparation
- Properties
- Reactions
- Uses
Alcohols
- Identification of primary alcohols
- Identification of secondary alcohols
- Identification of tertiary alcohols
- Mechanism of dehydration of alcohols
Phenols
- Acidic nature of phenols
- Electrophilic substitution reactions of phenols
- Halogenation of phenols
- Nitration of phenols
- Sulphonation of phenols
- Reimer–Tiemann reaction
Ethers
- Structure of ethers
Aldehydes and Ketones
- Nature of carbonyl group (>C=O)
- Nucleophilic addition to carbonyl group
- Relative reactivity of aldehydes and ketones
- Nucleophilic addition of HCN
- Nucleophilic addition of NH₃ and its derivatives
- Reaction with Grignard reagent
- Oxidation reactions
- Reduction reactions
- Wolff–Kishner reduction
- Clemmensen reduction
- Acidity of α-hydrogen
- Aldol condensation
- Cannizzaro reaction
- Haloform reaction
- Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones
Carboxylic Acids
- Acidic strength
- Factors affecting acidic strength
UNIT 18: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN
- General methods of preparation
- Properties
- Reactions
- Uses
Amines
- Nomenclature
- Classification
- Structure
- Basic character
- Identification of primary amines
- Identification of secondary amines
- Identification of tertiary amines
Diazonium Salts
- Preparation
- Properties
- Importance in synthetic organic chemistry
UNIT 19: BIOMOLECULES
- General introduction to biomolecules
- Importance of biomolecules
Carbohydrates
- Classification of carbohydrates
- Aldoses
- Ketoses
- Monosaccharides:
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides:
- Sucrose
- Lactose
- Maltose
Proteins
- Elementary idea of α-amino acids
- Peptide bond
- Polypeptides
- Primary structure of proteins
- Secondary structure of proteins
- Tertiary structure of proteins
- Quaternary structure of proteins (qualitative idea only)
- Denaturation of proteins
- Enzymes
Vitamins
- Classification of vitamins
- Functions of vitamins
Nucleic Acids
- Chemical constitution of DNA
- Chemical constitution of RNA
- Biological functions of nucleic acids
Hormones
- General introduction to hormones
UNIT 20: PRINCIPLES RELATED TO PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY
Detection of Elements in Organic Compounds
- Detection of nitrogen
- Detection of sulphur
- Detection of halogens
Detection of Functional Groups
- Hydroxyl group (alcoholic)
- Hydroxyl group (phenolic)
- Carbonyl group (aldehydes)
- Carbonyl group (ketones)
- Carboxyl group
- Amino group
Preparation of Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- Mohr’s salt
- Potash alum
Organic Compounds
- Acetanilide
- p-Nitroacetanilide
- Aniline yellow
- Iodoform
Titrimetric Exercises
- Acid–base titrations
- Use of indicators
- Oxalic acid vs KMnO₄ titration
- Mohr’s salt vs KMnO₄ titration
Qualitative Salt Analysis
Cations
- Pb²⁺
- Cu²⁺
- Al³⁺
- Fe³⁺
- Zn²⁺
- Ni²⁺
- Ca²⁺
- Ba²⁺
- Mg²⁺
- NH₄⁺
Anions
- CO₃²⁻
- S²⁻
- SO₄²⁻
- NO₃⁻
- NO₂⁻
- Cl⁻
- Br⁻
- I⁻
- (Insoluble salts excluded)
Experiments and Chemical Principles
- Enthalpy of solution of CuSO₄
- Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base
- Preparation of lyophilic sols
- Preparation of lyophobic sols
- Kinetic study f reaction between iodide ions and hydrogen peroxide at room temperature
Biology
UNIT 1: Diversity in Living World
Basic Concepts
- What is living?
- Biodiversity
- Need for classification
- Taxonomy
- Systematics
- Concept of species
- Taxonomical hierarchy
- Binomial nomenclature
Five Kingdom Classification
- Five Kingdom Classification System
- Salient features of Monera
- Classification of Monera into major groups
- Salient features of Protista
- Classification of Protista into major groups
- Salient features of Fungi
- Classification of Fungi into Major Groups
- Lichens
- Viruses
- Viroids
Plant Kingdom
- Salient features of Algae (3–5 distinguishing features)
- Examples of Algae (at least two)
- Salient features of Bryophytes (3–5 distinguishing features)
- Examples of Bryophytes (at least two)
- Salient features of Pteridophytes (3–5 distinguishing features)
- Examples of Pteridophytes (at least two)
- Salient features of Gymnosperms (3–5 distinguishing features)
- Examples of Gymnosperms (at least two)
Animal Kingdom
- Salient features of non-chordates (up to phylum level)
- Examples of non-chordates (at least two per phylum)
- Salient features of chordates (up to class level)
- Examples of chordates (at least two per class)
UNIT 2: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
Plant Morphology and Anatomy
- Morphology and modifications
- Plant tissues
- Anatomy of flowering plants
- Structure and functions of the root
- Structure and functions of the stem
- Structure and functions of the leaf
- Inflorescence:
- Cymose
- Racemose
- Structure and functions of the flower
- Structure and functions of fruit
- Structure and functions of the seed
Plant Families (with practical relevance)
- Family Malvaceae
- Family Cruciferae
- Family Leguminosae
- Family Compositae
- Family Gramineae
Animal Structure
- Animal tissues
- Morphology of fa rog (brief account)
- Anatomy of a frog (brief account)
- Digestive system of a frog
- Circulatory system of a frog
- Respiratory system of a frog
- Nervous system of a frog
- The reproductive system of a frog
UNIT 3: Cell Structure and Function
Cell Basics
- Cell theory
- Cell as the basic unit of life
- Structure of a prokaryotic cell
- Structure of the eukaryotic cell
- Plant cell
- Animal cell
Cell Envelope
- Cell envelope
- Cell membrane
- Cell wall
Cell Organelles
- Structure and function of cell organelles
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi bodies
- Lysosomes
- Vacuoles
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
- Plastids
- Microbodies
- Cytoskeleton
- Cilia (ultrastructure and function)
- Flagella (ultrastructure and function)
- Centrioles (ultrastructure and function)
- Nucleus
- Nuclear membrane
Biomolecules
- Chemical constituents of living cells
- Biomolecules
- Structure and function of proteins
- Structure and function of carbohydrates
- Structure and function of lipids
- Structure and function of nucleic acids
Enzymes
- Types of enzymes
- Properties of enzymes
- Mechanism of enzyme action
- Classification of enzymes
- Nomenclature of enzymes
Cell Division
- Cell cycle
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Significance of mitosis
- Significance of meiosis
UNIT 4: Plant Physiology
Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis as a means of autotrophic nutrition
- Site of photosynthesis
- Pigments involved in photosynthesis (elementary idea)
- Photochemical and biosynthetic phases
- Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
- Chemiosmotic hypothesis
- Photorespiration
- C3 and C4 pathways
- Factors affecting photosynthesis
Respiration
- Exchange of gases
- Cellular respiration:
- Glycolysis
- Fermentation (anaerobic)
- TCA cycle
- Electron transport system (aerobic)
- Energy relations – number of ATP molecules generated
- Amphibolic pathways
- Respiratory quotient
Plant Growth and Development
- Seed germination
- Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate
- Conditions of growth
- Differentiation, dedifferentiation, and redifferentiation
- Sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell
- Growth regulators: Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinin, Ethylene, ABA
UNIT 5: Human Physiology
Breathing and Respiration
- Respiratory organs in animals (recall only)
- Human respiratory system
- Mechanism of breathing and its regulation
- Exchange and transport of gases
- Respiratory volumes
- Regulation of respiration
- Disorders: Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders
Body Fluids and Circulation
- Composition of blood
- Blood groups
- Coagulation of blood
- Composition and function of lymph
- Structure of the human heart and blood vessels
- Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG
- Double circulation
- Regulation of cardiac activity
- Disorders: Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure
Excretory Products and Their Elimination
- Modes of excretion: Ammonotelism, Ureotelism, Uricotelism
- Human excretory system – structure and function
- Urine formation and osmoregulation
- Regulation of kidney function:
- Renin-angiotensin mechanism
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)
- ADH
- Diabetes insipidus
- Role of other organs in excretion
- Disorders: Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis
- Dialysis and artificial kidney
Locomotion and Movement
- Types of movement: Ciliary, Flagellar, Muscular
- Skeletal muscle – contractile proteins and muscle contraction
- Skeletal system and its functions (as per practical syllabus)
- Joints
- Disorders: Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout
Neural Control and Coordination
- Neuron and nerves
- Human nervous system:
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Visceral nervous system
- Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
Chemical Coordination and Regulation
- Endocrine glands and hormones
- Human endocrine system:
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary
- Pineal
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal
- Pancreas
- Gonads
- Mechanism of hormone action (elementary idea)
- Hormones as messengers and regulators
- Hypo- and hyperactivity disorders:
- Dwarfism
- Acromegaly
- Cretinism
- Goiter
- Exophthalmic goiter
- Diabetes
- Addison’s disease
UNIT 6: Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Structure of a flower
- Development of male and female gametophytes
- Pollination – types, agencies, and examples
- Outbreeding devices
- Pollen–pistil interaction
- Double fertilization
- Post-fertilization events:
- Development of endosperm and embryo
- Development of seed
- Formation of fruit
- Special modes:
- Apomixis
- Parthenocarpy
- Polyembryony
- Significance of seed and fruit formation
Human Reproduction
- Male and female reproductive systems
- Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary
- Gametogenesis:
- Spermatogenesis
- Oogenesis
- Menstrual cycle
- Fertilization
- Embryo development up to blastocyst formation
- Implantation
- Pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea)
- Parturition (elementary idea)
- Lactation (elementary idea)
Reproductive Health
- Need for reproductive health
- Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
- Birth control – need and methods
- Contraception
- Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
- Amniocentesis
- Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies:
- IVF
- ZIFT
- GIFT
(Elementary idea for general awareness)
UNIT 7: Genetics and Evolution
Heredity and Variation
- Mendelian inheritance
- Deviations from Mendelism:
- Incomplete dominance
- Co-dominance
- Multiple alleles
- Inheritance of blood groups
- Pleiotropy
- Polygenic inheritance (elementary idea)
- Chromosome theory of inheritance
- Chromosomes and genes
- Sex determination in:
- Humans
- Birds
- Honey bee
- Linkage and crossing over
- Sex-linked inheritance:
- Haemophilia
- Colour blindness
- Mendelian disorders in humans:
- Thalassemia
- Chromosomal disorders in humans:
- Down’s syndrome
- Turner’s syndrome
- Klinefelter’s syndrome
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- Search for genetic material
- DNA as genetic material
- Structure of DNA and RNA
- DNA packaging
- DNA replication
- Central dogma
- Transcription
- Genetic code
- Translation
- Gene expression and regulation – Lac Operon
- Genome and Human Genome Project
- DNA fingerprinting
- Protein biosynthesis
Evolution
- Origin of life
- Biological evolution and evidence from:
- Paleontology
- Comparative anatomy
- Embryology
- Molecular biology
- Darwin’s contribution
- Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution
- Mechanism of evolution:
- Variation (Mutation and Recombination)
- Natural selection (with examples)
- Types of natural selection
- Gene flow and genetic drift
- Hardy–Weinberg principle
- Adaptive radiation
- Human evolution
UNIT 8: Biology and Human Welfare
Health and Disease
- Health and disease
- Pathogens
- Parasites causing human diseases:
- Malaria
- Filariasis
- Ascariasis
- Typhoid
- Pneumonia
- Common cold
- Amoebiasis
- Ringworm
- Dengue
- Chikungunya
- Basic concepts of immunology – Vaccines
- Cancer
- HIV and AIDS
- Adolescence
- Drug and alcohol abuse
- Tobacco abuse
Microbes in Human Welfare
- Household food processing
- Industrial production
- Sewage treatment
- Energy generation
- Biocontrol agents
- Biofertilizers
UNIT 9: Biotechnology and Its Applications
Principles and Processes of Biotechnology
- Genetic engineering
- Recombinant DNA technology
Applications of Biotechnology
- Applications in health and agriculture
- Human insulin production
- Vaccine production
- Gene therapy
- Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) – Bt crops
- Transgenic animals
- Biosafety issues – Biopiracy and patents
UNIT 10: Ecology and Environment
Organisms and Environment
- Population interactions:
- Mutualism
- Competition
- Predation
- Parasitism
- Population attributes:
- Growth
- Birth rate
- Death rate
- Age distribution
Ecosystem
- Patterns and components
- Productivity and decomposition
- Energy flow
- Ecological pyramids:
- Pyramid of numbers
- Pyramid of biomass
- Pyramid of energy
Biodiversity and Its Conservation
- Concept of biodiversity
- Patterns of biodiversity
- Importance of biodiversity
- Loss of biodiversity
- Biodiversity conservation
- Hotspots
- Endangered organisms
- Extinction
- Red Data Book
- Biosphere reserves
- National parks and wildlife sanctuaries
- Sacred groves
NEET Cut Off for General
The qualifying percentile for the General category is 50%. The General category cut-off for NEET 2025, along with cut-offs from previous years, is provided below.
| Year | NEET Cutoff Scores |
| 2025 | 686 – 144 |
| 2024 | 720 – 162 |
| 2023 | 720 – 137 |
| 2022 | 715 – 117 |
| 2021 | 720 – 138 |
| 2020 | 720 – 147 |
| 2019 | 701 – 134 |
NEET Cut Off for OBC
The qualifying percentile for the OBC category is 40%. The OBC category cut-off for NEET 2025, along with cut-offs from previous years, is provided below.
| Year | NEET Cutoff Scores |
| 2025 | 143 – 113 |
| 2024 | 161 – 127 |
| 2023 | 136 – 107 |
| 2022 | 116 – 93 |
| 2021 | 137 – 108 |
| 2020 | 146 – 113 |
| 2019 | 133 – 107 |
NEET Cut Off for SC & ST
The qualifying percentile for the SC & ST category is 40%. The SC & ST category cut-off for NEET 2025, along with cut-offs from previous years, is provided below.
| Year | NEET Cutoff Scores |
| 2025 | 143 – 113 |
| 2024 | 161 – 127 |
| 2023 | 136 – 107 |
| 2022 | 116 – 93 |
| 2021 | 137 – 108 |
| 2020 | 146 – 113 |
| 2019 | 133 – 107 |
NEET Cut Off for General PH (PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED)
The qualifying percentile for the General PH category is 45%. The General PH category cut-off for NEET 2025, along with cut-offs from previous years, is provided below.
| Year | NEET Cutoff Scores |
| 2025 | 143 – 127 |
| 2024 | 161-144 |
| 2023 | 136-121 |
| 2022 | 116-105 |
| 2021 | 137-122 |
| 2020 | 146-129 |
NEET Cut Off for OBC, SC & ST PH (PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED)
The qualifying percentile for the OBC, SC, and ST PH category is 40%. This category cut-off for NEET 2025, along with cut-offs from previous years, is provided below.
| Year | NEET Cutoff Scores |
| 2025 | 126 – 113 |
| 2024 | 143-127 |
| 2023 | 120-107 |
| 2022 | 104-93 |
| 2021 | 137-108 |
| 2020 | 128-113 |
Frequently Asked Question
What is NEET (UG)?
NEET (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test) is a national-level entrance examination for admission into undergraduate medical programs such as MBBS, BDS, AYUSH, and nursing courses in India. It is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA).
Who is eligible to appear for NEET 2026?
Candidates must have passed or be appearing in 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology/Biotechnology as main subjects. They must be at least 17 years old by 31 December 2026 and meet the minimum qualifying marks criteria.
What is the NEET 2026 exam pattern?
NEET is conducted offline and consists of 180 multiple-choice questions in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. The exam duration is 3 hours, with +4 marks for each correct answer and −1 mark for each incorrect response.
How many attempts are allowed for NEET?
There is no restriction on the number of attempts for NEET, provided the candidate meets the eligibility criteria.
What is the qualifying percentile for the General category in NEET?
The qualifying percentile for the General category is 50%. Cut-offs may vary each year depending on exam difficulty and overall candidate performance.
Is NEET mandatory for MBBS and BDS admissions?
Yes, NEET is mandatory for admission into MBBS, BDS, AYUSH, and several other medical and allied health science programs across India.
What subjects should students focus on for NEET preparation?
Students must focus on Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, primarily based on the NCERT Class 11 and 12 syllabus.
How can Acadmiac help in NEET preparation?
Acadmiac provides structured preparation, conceptual clarity, regular practice, revision strategies, and exam-oriented guidance to help students approach NEET with confidence and discipline.
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Course Includes:
- Instructor: Mr. Ravi Rajput
- Duration: 12 Months
- Lessons: As Per Syllabus
- Mode: On-Campus
- Language: English
- Certifications: No
Instructors:
- Chemistry: Dr. Jitendra Verma
- Biology: Dr. Afshan Tarannum
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